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1.
Neotrop. ichthyol ; 16(4)out. 2018. mapas, tab, tab
Article in English | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-964077

ABSTRACT

The stable carbon isotopic variability and the contributions of autochthonous (sediment microbial biomass, phytoplankton, and periphyton) and allochthonous (soil microbial biomass) sources available to the detritivorous fish Prochilodus lineatus were investigated in three environments of the floodplain of the Upper Paraná River. The isotopic composition of carbon sources and fish varied significantly among the studied environments. The autochthonous resources, represented by the phytoplankton, were the most assimilated by the species, followed by periphyton and sediment microbial biomass. The species used the sources differently in each environment. This study suggests that the inherent characteristics of this area, as well as the size of the watershed, the dry season, anthropogenic actions, and phytoplankton productivity, favor the use of autochthonous resources by the species studied. Therefore, studies in the floodplain should employ an eco-hydrological approach that quantifies the magnitude of energy subsidies, as well as an access route to consumers, knowledge about the selectivity of detritivorous species and the effects of different land uses.(AU)


A variabilidade isotópica e as contribuições autóctones (biomassa microbiana do sedimento, fitoplâncton e perifíton) e alóctone (biomassa microbiana do solo) assim como as principais fontes de carbono para o peixe detritívoro Prochilodus lineatus foram investigadas em três diferentes ambientes, da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná. A composição isotópica das fontes de carbono e dos consumidores variaram significativamente entre os ambientes estudados, e os recursos alóctones, representados pelo fitoplâncton, foram os mais utilizados pela espécie, seguido pelo perifíton e biomassa do sedimento microbiano. A espécie utilizou fontes de carbono distintas em cada ambiente. Este estudo sugere que características inerentes a cada ambiente, assim como o tamanho do ambiente, o período de seca, ações antropogênicas e produtividade do fitoplâncton favorecem o uso dos recursos alóctones pela espécie estudada. Portanto, estudos na planície de inundação devem empregar uma abordagem eco-hidrológicas que quantifique a magnitude dos subsídios energéticos, bem como as vias energéticas aos consumidores, o conhecimento acerca da seletividade das espécies de detritívoros e o efeito dos diferentes usos da terra.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Biomass , Freshwater Biology/classification , Characiformes/metabolism , Isotopes
2.
Acta biol. colomb ; 20(1): 5-14, ene.-abr. 2015. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-734919

ABSTRACT

The present review investigated the sources of energy for detritivorous fish species in floodplains. Recent studies have shown that environmental changes that alter the terrestrial vegetation affect essentially the resource base in these areas, such as the detritus. In aquatic environments, especially floodplains, a major part of metabolic processes is supported by terrestrial detritus, which accounts for maintaining the detritivorous food chain. Thus, one way to evaluate environments changes is through isotopic studies of organic matter, which allows acquiring information about the quantity and quality of organic matter. This approach is required for understanding the interactions between the organic matter dynamics and its ecological effects, allowing the monitoring of these resources. However, researches on the energy flow in food chains should also employ an approach that quantifies the magnitude of these food subsidies, as also the access routes of aquatic consumers, in watersheds of different sizes and in diverse land uses.


Esta revisión procuró investigar las fuentes de energía para las especies de peces detritívoras en la llanura de inundación. Los estudios han demostrado que las transformaciones ambientales que causan los cambios en la vegetación terrestre afectan principalmente la base de los recursos en estos planos inundables, tales como el detritus. En los ambientes acuáticos, especialmente las llanuras de inundación, la mayoría de los procesos metabólicos están sustentados por el detritus terrestre, y esta función es responsable de mantener las redes detritívoras. Una forma de evaluar estos cambios es a través de estudios isotópicos de la materia orgánica, los cuales permiten obtener información sobre su cantidad y su calidad mediante el análisis de la biomasa microbiana. Este enfoque es necesario para comprender las interacciones entre la dinámica de la materia orgánica y sus efectos ecológicos, lo que permite a su vez la valoración de estos recursos. Sin embargo, se concluye que los estudios futuros también deben cuantificar la magnitud de estos subsidios energéticos, asícomo las vías de acceso de los consumidores acuáticos, lo cual debe evaluarse en cuencas hidrográficas de diferentes tamaños y con diversos usos de la tierra.

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